高一英语上册知识点总结必修一必修二单词短语语法高一打好英语基础-维爱宝学习网

必修一 Unit 1 Friendship

核心词汇

survey 调查；测验
add 增加；添加
upset 不安的；使不安
ignore 不理睬；忽视
calm （使）平静；平静的
concern （使）担忧；涉及；关心
loose 松的；松开的
dusty 积满灰尘的
curtain 窗帘；门帘
partner 伙伴；合作者
settle 定居；解决；安排
suffer 遭受；忍受
loneliness 孤单；寂寞
highway 公路；大路
recover 痊愈；恢复；重新获得
pack 打包；行李
suitcase 手提箱；衣箱
overcoat 大衣；外套
gossip 闲话；闲谈
disagree 不同意
grateful 感激的；表示谢意的
dislike 不喜欢；厌恶
tip 提示；技巧；尖端；小费
swap 交换

核心短语

add up 合计
calm down 平静下来；镇定下来
have got to 不得不；必须
be concerned about 关心；挂念
walk the dog 遛狗
loose grass 杂草
should have done 本应该做某事
go through 经历；经受
hide away 躲藏；隐藏
set down 记下；放下；登记
a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套
on purpose 故意
in order to 为了……
at dusk 在黄昏时刻
face to face 面对面地
no longer/not…any longer 不再……
pack sth up 将某物装箱
get along with 与……相处；进展
fall in love 相爱；爱上
join in 参加；加入
communicate with 与……交流

核心句型

1. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
2. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.
3. It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.
4. I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do.
5. Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.

语法点

名词性从句——宾语从句（一）：
- that 引导宾语从句，that 无意义，口语中常省略
- whether/if 引导宾语从句，”是否”，whether 可与 or not 连用，if 不能
- 疑问词引导宾语从句，用陈述语序
间接引语：
- 陈述句变间接引语：用 that 引导，人称、时态、时间状语、地点状语相应变化
- 一般疑问句变间接引语：用 whether/if 引导，陈述语序
- 特殊疑问句变间接引语：用疑问词引导，陈述语序

必修一 Unit 2 English around the world

核心词汇

vocabulary 词汇；词汇量
actually 实际上；事实上
base 以……为基础；基部；基地
gradually 逐渐地；逐步地
accumulate 积累；积聚
spelling 拼写；拼字
latter 较后的；后半的
identity 本身；身份；一致
fluent 流利的；流畅的
frequent 频繁的；常见的
usage 使用；用法；词语惯用法
command 命令；指令；掌握
request 请求；要求
polite 礼貌的；客气的
express 表达；表示
culture 文化；文明
apartment 公寓住宅；单元住宅
adventure 冒险；奇遇
business 生意；商业；事务
support 支持；拥护；支撑
believe it or not 信不信由你

核心短语

play an important role/part in 在……中起重要作用
because of 因为；由于
come up 走近；上来；提出
at present 现在；目前
make use of 利用；使用
such as 例如……；像这种的
play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与
ever before 从前
even if/though 即使
communicate with sb 与某人交流
be based on 以……为基础
over time 随着时间的推移

核心句型

1. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
2. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.
3. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.
4. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.

语法点

直接引语和间接引语（二）：
- 祈使句变间接引语：用 tell/ask/order sb (not) to do sth

必修一 Unit 3 Travel journal

核心词汇

journal 日记；杂志；定期刊物
transport 运送；运输；交通工具
prefer 更喜欢；选择某事物
disadvantage 不利条件；缺点
fare 费用
flow 流动；流出；流量
persuade 说服；劝说
graduate 毕业；大学毕业生
finally 最后；终于
schedule 时间表；进度表；为某事安排时间
fond 喜爱的；慈爱的
organize 组织；成立
journey 旅行；旅程
bend （使）弯曲；使屈服；弯处
attitude 态度；看法
boil （使）沸腾；（使）水开
forecast 预测；预报
parcel 小包；包裹
insurance 保险
reliable 可信赖的；可靠的
view 风景；视野；观点；观看；注视
as usual 照常
graduate from 毕业于……

核心短语

dream of/about 梦见；梦想
ever since 从那以后；自从
be fond of 喜爱；喜欢
care about 关心；忧虑；惦念
change one’s mind 改变主意
make up one’s mind 下决心；决定
give in 投降；屈服；让步
as usual 照常
at an altitude of 在海拔……高度
at first 起初；起先
for company 陪伴；作伴

核心句型

1. Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.
2. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.
3. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.
4. Finally, I had to give in.

语法点

现在进行时表将来：表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，常用动词有 go, come, leave, arrive, start, begin, fly, drive, travel, see off 等

必修一 Unit 4 Earthquakes

核心词汇

earthquake 地震
shake 摇动；摇动；震动
well 井
smelly 发臭的；有臭味的
steam 蒸汽；水汽
ruin 毁灭；使破产；废墟
extreme 极度的；极端的
injure 损害；伤害
survivor 幸存者；生还者；残存物
destroy 破坏；毁坏；消灭
brick 砖；砖块
dam 水坝；堰堤
track 轨道；足迹；痕迹
useless 无用的；无效的；无益的
shock 震惊；震动；休克；使震惊
rescue 援救；营救
trap 使陷入困境；陷阱；困境
electricity 电；电流；电学
disaster 灾难；灾祸
dig out 掘出；发现
bury 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
mine 矿；矿井；矿山
shelter 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
a (great) number of 许多；大量的

核心短语

right away 立刻；马上
at once 立刻；马上
burst into sth 突然……起来
burst out doing 突然……起来
as if 仿佛；好像
at an end 完结；结束
dig out 掘出；发现
a number of 许多；大量
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
rescue workers 救援人员
coal miners 煤矿工人
give out 分发；发出（气味、热等）；耗尽
thousands of 成千上万的
hundreds of 数百的

核心句型

1. It seemed as if the world was at an end!
2. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
3. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.
4. All hope was not lost.
5. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.

语法点

定语从句（一）：
- that, which, who, whom, whose 引导限制性定语从句
- 关系代词作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略

必修一 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero

核心词汇

quality 质量；品质；性质
warm-hearted 热心肠的
mean 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的
active 积极的；活跃的
generous 慷慨的；大方的
easy-going 随和的；温和宽容的
selfish 自私的
devoted 忠实的；深爱的
found 建立；建设
republic 共和国；共和政体
principle 法则；原则；原理
peaceful 和平的；平静的；安宁的
mankind 人类
lawyer 律师
guidance 指导；引导
legal 法律的；依照法律的
fee 费（会费、学费等）；酬金
hopeful 怀有希望的；有希望的
stage 舞台；阶段；时期
vote 投票；选举；表决
blow up 使充气；爆炸
equal 相等的；平等的；胜任的

核心短语

devote to 致力于；献身于
be willing to do 乐意做某事
be in trouble 处在困难中
fight for 为……而战
vote for 投票赞成
vote against 投票反对
blow up 使充气；爆炸
put … in prison 把……投入监狱
set up 建立；设立
out of work 失业
as a matter of fact 事实上
blow up 使充气；爆炸
lose heart 丧失勇气或信心
in trouble 处在困难中
worry about 担心；担忧
be sentenced to 被判处……（徒刑）
give up 放弃

核心句型

1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
2. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.
3. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
4. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.

语法点

定语从句（二）：
- where, when, why 引导定语从句
- 介词+which/whom 引导定语从句

必修二 Unit 1 Cultural relics

核心词汇

cultural 文化的
rare 稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的
valuable 贵重的；有价值的
survive 幸免；幸存；生还
vase 花瓶；瓶
dynasty 朝代；王朝
honey 蜜；蜂蜜
design 设计；图案；构思；计划
fancy 奇特的；异样的；想象；爱好
style 风格；风度；类型
decorate 装饰；装修
jewel 珠宝；宝石
artist 艺术家
belong 属于；为……的财产
in return 作为报答；回报
troop 群；组；军队
reception 接待；招待会；接收
at war 处于交战状态
remove 移动；搬开
less than 少于
wooden 木制的
doubt 怀疑；疑惑；不信
mystery 神秘；神秘的事物

核心短语

in search of 寻找
belong to 属于
in return 作为报答；回报
at war 处于交战状态
take apart 拆开
think highly of 看重；器重
serve as 充当；用作

核心句型

1. Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.
2. This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.
3. The Amber Room was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country’s best artists about ten years to make.

语法点

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

必修二 Unit 2 The Olympic Games

核心词汇

ancient 古代的；古老的
compete 比赛；竞争
competitor 竞争者
medal 奖章；勋章；纪念章
volunteer 志愿者；志愿兵；自愿
homeland 祖国；家乡
regular 规则的；定期的；常规的
basis 基础；根据
athlete 运动员；运动选手
admit 容许；承认；接纳
nowadays 现今；现在
host 做东；主办；主人
responsibility 责任；职责
replace 取代；替换；代替
motto 座右铭；格言；警句
swift 快的；迅速的
physical 物理的；身体的
fine 罚款；好的；细的

核心短语

take part in 参加；参与
stand for 代表；象征；表示
as well 也；又；还
one after another 陆续地；一个接一个地
play an important role in 在……中起重要作用
compete for 为……而竞争
be admitted as 作为……被接受
on a regular basis 定期地

核心句型

1. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.
2. It’s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.
3. Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.
4. It’s a great responsibility but also a great honour to be chosen.